Molding composition



be less than 80%.

Patented Jan. 26, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MOLDING COMPOSITION Robert J. Nebesar, Bristol, Tenn., assignor to Universal Moulded Products Corporation, Bristol, Va., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application July 12, 1951, r Serial No. 236,455

This invention relates to molding compositions 6 Claims. (01. 260-40) and more particularly to such compositions which utilize synthetic resins together with fillers.

It is known in the art to make a molding com-- position consisting of a synthetic resin and a filler of glass fibers. A product moldedfrom this composition has weak spots which are subject to isfactory product, which, of course, has excellent dielectric properties and is resistant to chemical action depending, of course, on the selection of suitable resins.

It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide a molding composition which may be used to form a strong inert product with good dielectric properties.

An additional object of this invention is to provide a molding composition comprising a syn thetic resin and a fiber glass filler which may be molded into a strong product which will not crack during molding or subsequently.

The molding composition in accordance with this invention comprises asynthetic resin, glass fibers and asbestos.

It has beenfound desirable to use the following proportions by weight:

Percent Glass fibersnj 40-50 lsynthetic resin -55 Asbestos 5-15 The glass fibers will be about one-half inch to about two inches in length. The asbestos fibers will preferably be about one-thirty-second of an inch long, being at that length of the nature of a powder and not over about one-eighth of an inch in length. 7

In exceptional instances the percentage of 1 glass fibers may be as low as 35% and as high as 60% and the percentage of synthetic resin-may combined percentage should not exceed 97% or The percentage of 'asbestos fibersshould rarelybe less than 5%, although a percentage as low as 3% gives considerable re be as low as 37% and as high as 62%, but their :6

sistance to cracking. .The percentage of asbestos .fibers is, however,unnecessary to insure against The .improved composition 'doesnot r cracking.

exclude the inclusion in any minor proportion of other constituents, but the addition of any other constituent is wholly unnecessary to produce a product having the properties which characterize my improved product.

As exemplary of synthetic thermoplastic resins which may be used is a polystyrene. A polydichlorostyrene which is transparent or semitransparent and resistant to the action of chemicals may also be used.

As exemplary of synthetic thermosetting resins which may be used is a polyester resin such as a composition comprising a substantially linear polyhydric alcohol ester of an unsaturated polybasic acid material of the maleic type and a substituted-ethylene body of resins, forming characteristics which are copolymerizible and miscible with the polyhydric alcohol ester. Thus, for example, the composition may be diethylene glycol maleate or diethylene glycol fumarate having incorporated therewith vinyl acetate, amylacrylate, or vinyl chloride. The curing of such a maleic substituted ethylene composition will be accelerated by using a curing catalyst such as benzoyl peroxide, phthalyl peroxide or air blown dioxane. Such thermosetting resins are well known in the art and reference may be made to Patent 2,255,313, issuedseptember 9, 1941 to Carleton Ellis for further information relative to them.

In forming the molding composition, the asbestos fibers are first mixed with the synthetic resin and the asbestos fibers evenly distributed throughout the synthetic resin. The glass fibers may-then'be added and distributed as evenly as possible to complete the formation of the mold ing composition. 5 The molding composition in accordance with this invention may be molded under conditions of heat and pressure dictated by the synthetic resin selected. Generally, however, the product would be formed at a temperature of from about 200 F. to about 280 F. at a pressure of about three thousand pounds per square inch.

The following specific examples are further illustrative of the molding composition in accordance with this invention:

EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 10 gg Lengt if? L g Weight inches Weight m0 es 49 1% Glass 'Fibers "35 2 364 Asbestos 3 $5 Diethylene Glycol Maleate Vinyl Acetate -P01yd1ch10rostyrene 62 Copolymer 41 1-0 EXAMPLE 11 EXAMPLE 3 V Percent Length Pejlgent 7326mm, weight inches inches w i ht 6 v V v V 15 gl ss lilibers 6g 9 49 5 es 0s 62 II: 170 :Ms Polydichlorostyrene 37 Diethyllene Glycol Fumarate V 41" Copo ymer EXANIPLE l2 EXAMPLEA Percent vmg-m Y legcent Length Weight -1IlChCS y i Weight 7 Inches Glass Fibers 35 1,5 Asbestos 15 3g Glass Fibers 49 1% Diethylene Glycol 'Maleate Amylacrylate Asbestos '10 162 CODOlYmer A 50 Diethylene Glycol 'F-umarate Vinyl 41 Oopolymer 1 EXAMPLE "13 6 Percent Length ineh Percent Length, l Weight. gg inches I Glass Fibers. 5 5 i l v Asbestos 5" M Glass Fibers 51 M 39 Diethylene Glycol lAmylacrylat Asbestos 5 po y 40 v:Diethylene Glycol-Maleate Vinyl Acetate Oopolymer '44 I 7 EXANIPLE :14

'EXAM'PLE'G 40 s V Regent iL'ength,

. 1 inches Percent Length Weight inches 1 eight Glass F1bers 43 'fi ffi i "ei fizi?"Pi-"1T" it 51; 1% 1e yene yco aea e my acrya e 5; %4 pe y 37v "Digthylene Vinyl Acetate 4 .v

Cool er v V V p m EXAMPLE .15

P t ercen Length, 4 13-37 inches Pegcent jLength Weight y 7' h v h 1110 9S t aGlass-Fibers 6 3s 2 Asbestos 3 $64 '35 5 Diethylene Glycol Maleate Amy 15 9g 55 Gopolymer .62 50 v EXAMPLE 16 Percent Length Percent. By v fiy 53 522, Weight inches Weight 1 I 6 glis's'tlibers 6 1' 4 v 55 x1 S 85 05 .3: 2 fii fi I;iZ 5' "M Dlethylene Glyco a Amylacryla Polydichlorostyrene 40 Copvlymer EXAMPLE 9 The molding composition in accordance with .this invention :is advantageoussinee: its use forms Percent L m .a structure which is not subject t e m By ggg 70 vantages discussed above, that :is, it does :;not have wveakispots which are subject'ito cracking v 43 A nrerazing. g gg i 5 1, Heretofore, 'WBI'IOtBd that, Where the old g -Belydichlorostyrenen. composition consisted of glass fibers and a resin, 7 :there existed in :the molded pmduct portions which were not filled with glass fibers, that is, spots formed by the resin alone. Where a molded product is formed from the molding composition of this invention, such spots, which are unfilled with the glass fibers, comprise not resin alone, but resin admixed with an asbestos filler. These spots have a strong resistance to cracking. Thus, a product molded from the molding composition of this invention is of superior strength and, being highly resistant to cracking, forms a far more suitable product for many uses, such as, for example, acid containers.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my application Serial No. 73,213, filed January 27, 1949 now abandoned.

What is claimed is:

1. A molding composition which comprises a reaction product of an unsaturated polybasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol; said reaction product having incorporated therewith a member selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and amyl acrylate; said reaction product and said members together being from 37 to 62% by weight of the composition and being evenly distributed throughout the composition; asbestos fibers of a length not exceeding one-eighth of an inch; and distributed in said mixture from 35 to 60% by weight of glass fibers of a length of from about onehalf inch to about two inches, the asbestos fibers being in a proportion not less than 3% and permissibly as high as but not over 20% by weight, and sufiicient to support the resin throughout and thereby eliminate weak spots subject to cracking or crazing in loci of the molded product that are unsupported by the glass fibers in random distribution.

2. A molding composition which comprises a reaction product of an unsaturated dibasic acid and a dihydric alcohol; said reaction product having incorporated therewith a member selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and amylacrylate; said reaction product and said members together being from 37 to 62% by weight of the composition and being evenly distributed throughout the composition; asbestos fibers of a length not exceeding one-eighth of an inch; and distributed in said mixture from 35 to by weight of glass fibers of a length of from about one-half inch to about two inches, the asbestos fibers being in a proportion not less than 3% and permissibly as high as but not over 20% by weight, and sufficient to support the resin throughout and thereby eliminate weak spots subject to cracking or crazing in loci of the molded product that are unsupported by the glass fibers in random distribution.

3. A molding composition in accordance with claim 2 in which the reaction product is diethylene glycol maleate and the selected member is vinyl acetate.

4. A molding composition in accordance with claim 2 in which the reaction product is diethylene glycol fumarate and the selected member is vinyl chloride.

5. A molding composition in accordance with claim 2 in which the reaction product is diethylene glycol fumarate and the selected member is vinyl acetate.

6. A molding composition in accordance with claim 2 in which the reaction product is diethylene glycol maleate and the selected member is amylacrylate.

ROBERT J. NEBESAR.

Name Date schroy et a1. Nov. 6, 1945 Number 

1. A MOLDING COMPOSITION WHICH COMPRISES A REACTION PRODUCT OF AN UNSATURATED POLYBASIC ACID AND A POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL; SAID REACTION PRODUCT HAVING INCORPORATED THEREWITH A MEMBER SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF VINYL ACETATE, VINYL CHLORIDE AND AMYL ACRYLATE; SAID REACTION PRODUCT AND SAID MEMBERS TOGETHER BEING FROM 37 TO 62% BY WEIGHT OF THE COMPOSISTION AND BEING EVENLY DISTRIBUTED THROUGHOUT THE COMPOSITION; ABSESTOS FIBERS OF A LENGTH NOT EXCEEDING ONE-EIGHTH OF AN INCH; AND DISTRIBUTED IN SAID MIXTURE FROM 35 TO 60% BY WEIGHT OF GLASS FIBERS OF A LENGTH OF FROM ABOUT ONEHALF INCH TO ABOUT TWO INCHES, THE ASBESTOS FIRBERS BEING IN A PROPORTION NOT LESS THAN 3% AND PERMISSIBLY AS HIGH AS BUT NOT OVER 20% BY WEIGHT, AND SUFFICIENT TO SUPPORT THE RESIN THROUGHOUT AND THEREBY ELIMINATE WEAK SPOTS SUBJECT TO CRACKING OR CRAZING IN LOCI OF THE MOLDED PRODUCT THAT ARE UNSUPPORTED BY THE GLASS FIBERS IN RANDOM DISTRIBUTION. 